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The red-capped robin (''Petroica goodenovii'') is a small passerine bird native to Australia. Found in drier regions across much of the continent, it inhabits scrub and open woodland. Like many brightly coloured robins of the family Petroicidae, it is sexually dimorphic. Measuring 10.5–12.5 cm (4–5 in) in length, the robin has a small thin black bill, and dark brown eyes and legs. The male has a distinctive red cap and red breast, black upperparts, and a black tail with white tips. The underparts and shoulders are white. The female is an undistinguished grey-brown. This species uses a variety of songs, and males generally sing to advertise territories and attract females. Birds are encountered in pairs or small groups, but the social behaviour has been little studied. The position of the red-capped robin is unclear; it and its relatives are unrelated to European or American robins but appear to be an early offshoot of the songbird infraorder Passerida. The red-capped robin is a predominantly ground-feeding bird and its prey consists of insects and spiders. Although widespread, it is uncommon in much of its range and has receded in some areas from human activity. ==Taxonomy== The red-capped robin was described by Nicholas Aylward Vigors and Thomas Horsfield in 1827, having been collected in the northern Spencer Gulf in South Australia. They named it ''Muscicapa goodenovii'',〔()〕 and placed it among the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae.〔Boles, p. xv.〕 The specific epithet ''goodenovii'' honours the Reverend Samuel Goodenough, Bishop of Carlisle and first treasurer of the Linnean Society. The red-capped robin was later moved to the genus ''Petroica''; the generic name is derived from the Ancient Greek words ''petro-'' "rock" and ''oikos'' "home", from the bird's habit of sitting on rocks.〔Boles, p. 66.〕 Within the genus, it is one of five red- or pink-breasted species colloquially known as "red robins" as distinct from the "yellow robins" of the genus ''Eopsaltria''. It is not closely related to the American robin or the European robin; however, it is named after the European robin.〔 Molecular research (and current consensus) places the Red-capped robin and its relatives—the Australian robin family Petroicidae—as a very early offshoot of the Passerida, or "advanced" songbirds, within the songbird lineage. No subspecies are recognised, and the only geographic variation recorded in plumage is a tendency for females from more arid regions to have paler plumage.〔Higgins ''et al.'' p. 664.〕 Testing of the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of Australian members of the genus ''Petroica'' suggests the red-capped robin's closest relative within the genus is the scarlet robin. Officially known as the ''red-capped robin'', it has also been referred to as ''redhead'',〔 ''redcap'', ''robin red-breast'' or ''red-throated robin''.〔 ''Kuburi'' is a name used in the Kimberley. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Red-capped robin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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